Thanks to its durable nature, it has earned the name- Tough nut. Its unique leaf arrangement makes it different from others and has a large bulb at its lower stem. This tropical ornamental tree is popular for its long fronds and a swollen trunk base. It is native to Indonesia and is resistant to lethal yellowing disease. This palm has a yield of 50-60 coconuts on each palm per year and starts bearing fruits after 3-4 years. Its drupes are dark green and resistant to root wilt disease. This palm tree yields around 60-70 coconuts per palm and begins fruiting in 3-4 years. Avoid growing this palm tree in the wind prone areas, as it may get damaged due to strong winds. Each crown of this tree consists of 20-28 leaves. Producing fruits in 3-4 years, this dwarf variety can yield around 50-70 drupes per palm each year. It is one of the best coconut tree variety to grow. It starts bearing fruits in 6-7 years from the planting and produces 70-80 coconuts on each palm, every year. Leathery fronds of tiptur tree produce 6-12 inches long fruits. Growing up to 20-meters, this variety is also resistant to lethal yellowing disease. Hybrid of Malayan and Panama Maypan is a cold-hardy variety, producing medium to large-sized coconuts. This tall coconut tree needs well-drained, loamy soil to thrive. It is drought-tolerant, and the color of the fruits varies from green to yellow and orange to brown.Įast coast tall produces around 60-70 coconuts on each palm every year and takes 6-8 years to yield fruits. This tall coconut tree bears fruit in 6-7 years and produces around 60-80 coconuts per palm, each year. As a plant of the upper storey, with essential light requirements, the coconut palm towers above such crops as citrus, cacao and others Consider these conditions when choosing a site.ĭepending on the site, coconut palms can be cultivated on agroforestry systems. Coconut palms can also grow on deep, water-logging free, alluvial soil, away from the coast - yet low chlorine content in the soil could have negative effects. These conditions are generally found in tropical and subtropical coastal regions with little rainfall. The coconut palm can withstand up to 1% salt in the soil. Growth is stimulated by a sufficient supply of chlorine in the soil. However, near to the equator and in areas where other conditions are favourable for coconut development, it is possible to grow the crop up to about 1300 m. Because of its temperature requirements, the coconut palm cannot normally grow above 750 m.
Coconut grows best at average temperatures of around 26-27☌. The northern Kenya coast receives only a rainfall of 750-1000 mm and this restricts production. The origin of the coconut is unknown although the center of genetic diversity lies in Southeast Asia.Ĭlimatic conditions, soil and water managementĬoconut needs a continuous supply of water, which can be provided by regular rainfall of about 1250 mm per annum, or from ground water (at a depth of 1-3 m). Coconut palms can reach a height of 30 m (98 ft), produce up to 75 fruits a year, and live for up to 90 years. The edible endosperm is white and meaty and can be between 1.0 and 2.5 cm (0.4–1.0 in) thick. The seed is protected by a thick, stony shell, or endocarp, and is partially filled with a liquid known as coconut water.
The exocarp and the mesocarp make up the husk of the coconut. It is ovoid in shape with three sides divided by ridges. The fruit is a drupe containing a single seed. The inflorescence is a spike produced at the leaf axil with 20–60 branches, each with a female flower at the base and many male flowers. The leaves are long (up to 7 m/23 ft), pinnately divided and composed of 200–250 tapering leaflets. The stem is topped with a crown of 60–70 spirally arranged leaves. The stem is smooth, light gray in color and has prominent leaf scars. The coconut palm has an erect or slightly curved stem which grows from a swollen base. The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is an erect palm in the family Arecaceae which is grown its fruits, used primarily for the extraction of coconut oil for use in cooking.
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